1935
By the end of 1934, Stalin had eliminated all likely potential opposition to his leadership and was the unchallenged leader of both party and state. Nevertheless, he proceeded to purge the party rank and file and to terrorize the entire country with widespread arrests and executions. During the ensuing Great Terror, which included the notorious show trials of Stalin's former Bolshevik opponents in 1936-1938 and reached its peak in 1937 and 1938, millions of innocent Soviet citizens were sent off to labor camps or killed in prison. (Britannica)
1935
The National Council for Negro Women is founded by Mary McLeod Bethune in New York City.
1935
U.S. Supreme Court Justice Roberts upholds the Texas law that prevents blacks from voting in the Texas Democratic primary. The decision is a setback to the NAACP, which has waged several effective legal battles to equalize the ballot potential of the black voter.
1935
The NAACP in St. Louis bitterly criticizes Roosevelt for failure to present or support civil rights legislation.
1935
Percy Julian, a black American chemist, develops physostigmine, a drug for treatment of glaucoma.
1935
Wewelsburg Castle becomes home to the Ahnenerbe, the
ancestral heritage branch of the S.S. (It was called by some the Nazi Occult
Bureau. (Pauwels;Roots)
1935
Eva Braun, Hitler's mistress, attempts suicide.
1935
Edouard Benes succeeds Tomas Masaryk as president of
Czechoslovakia.
1935
Leni Riefenstahl directs the Nazi propaganda film Triumph
of the Will.
1935
The writings of Jorg Lanz von Liebenfels begin to be published
by a firm in Vienna, which will continue to be involved until late 1937. No more
of his writings will appear until after 1945 in Switzerland. (Roots)
1935
Scottish physicist Robert Watson-Watt patents the first practical radar system.
1935
Michael Prawdin (Michael Charol) publishes The Legacy of Genghis Khan, a sequel to his 1934 book on the same subject. Both are avidly read by Heinrich Himmler, who strongly recommends them to all those around him,
including Hitler. (Architect)
1935
The Moscow subway (named for Kaganovich) is opened with great publicity.
1935
Between 1935 and 1937, 75 Polish Jews are killed and more than 500 injured in widespread attacks. Many are attacked in the streets and their homes and schools broken up and looted. (Atlas)
1935 January
During the 17th Party Congress, disaffection with Stalin is demonstrated when former Leningrad party leader Sergei Kirov, who was assassinated on December 1, 1934, receives an ovation equal to Stalin's. Nevertheless, Stalin crushes the peasant resistance and collectivization proves a success in terms of facilitating rapid industrial growth.
1935 January 1
The Soviet Union discontinues the distributioin of food rationing cards.
1935 January 1
Professor Lindemann joins Churchill at Chartwell where he is working on volume 3 of Marlborough.
1935 January 2
The Zurich city council requests the Swiss government to prohibit anti-Jewish demonstrations and publication of antisemitic literature.
1935 January 3
Abyssinia (Ethiopia) requests the assistance of the League of Nations in its conflict with Italy.
1935 January 4
The German bishops rule that since the main purpose
of marriage is procreation, sterilized people may not partake of the sacrament
of matrimony (see January 15, 1936).
1935 January 6
The American Jewish committee reports that the Jewish
situation in Austria has worsened since Kurt von Schuschnigg took over the
chancellorship.
1935 January 7
An agreement is signed between France and Italy.
1935 January 8
Columbia Haus prison in Berlin becomes a
concentration camp under direct control of the Gestapo.
1935 January 13
The League of Nations supervises the plebiscite
(referendum) in the Saar. Ninety percent of the electors vote for a union with
Germany. Only ten percent vote for union with France.
1935 January 17
The League of Nations formally awards the Saar
region to Germany.
